How do you use "Reduced Relative Clauses" in a sentence?

The woman (who is) sitting by the window is my aunt. The letter (which was) written in French was hard to read. Anyone (who is) interested should apply. The results (which were) announced yesterday were surprising.

Reduced Relative Clauses

Grammar Pattern BritishAmericanAustralian ★★★★☆ Common Neutral

Practica con tarjetas, cuestionarios y audio en WordLoci →

Significado: Shortening relative clauses by removing relative pronoun and verb

删除关系代词和动词来缩短关系从句

Acortar cláusulas relativas eliminando pronombre relativo y verbo

関係代名詞と動詞を省略して関係節を短縮する

관계대명사와 동사를 생략하여 관계절 축소하기

Relative clauses can be reduced when the relative pronoun is followed by be + -ing, be + past participle, or be + adjective. The relative pronoun and 'be' are removed: 'The man who is standing there' → 'The man standing there.'

当关系代词后面是be + -ing、be + 过去分词或be + 形容词时，关系从句可以缩短。删除关系代词和'be'：'The man who is standing there' → 'The man standing there.'（站在那里的人）

Las cláusulas relativas se pueden reducir cuando el pronombre relativo va seguido de be + -ing, be + participio pasado, o be + adjetivo. Se eliminan el pronombre relativo y 'be': 'The man who is standing there' → 'The man standing there.'

関係代名詞の後にbe + -ing、be + 過去分詞、またはbe + 形容詞が続く場合、関係節を短縮できます。関係代名詞と「be」を省略：「The man who is standing there」→「The man standing there」

관계절은 관계대명사 뒤에 be + -ing, be + 과거분사, 또는 be + 형용사가 올 때 축소할 수 있습니다. 관계대명사와 'be'를 제거합니다: 'The man who is standing there' → 'The man standing there.'

Ejemplos

The woman (who is) sitting by the window is my aunt.
坐在窗边的那位女士是我阿姨。
La mujer sentada junto a la ventana es mi tía.
窓際に座っている女性は私の叔母です。
창가에 앉아 있는 여성은 제 이모입니다.
The letter (which was) written in French was hard to read.
用法语写的那封信很难读。
La carta escrita en francés era difícil de leer.
フランス語で書かれた手紙は読みにくかった。
프랑스어로 쓰인 편지는 읽기 어려웠습니다.
Anyone (who is) interested should apply.
有兴趣的人都可以申请。
Cualquier persona interesada debe solicitar.
興味のある方は応募してください。
관심 있는 분은 지원해 주세요.
The results (which were) announced yesterday were surprising.
昨天公布的结果令人惊讶。
Los resultados anunciados ayer fueron sorprendentes.
昨日発表された結果は驚くべきものでした。
어제 발표된 결과는 놀라웠습니다.

Pronunciación

Guía de uso

Contexto: written, formal, concise

Tono: concise

✓ Correcto

The people living next door are friendly.
住在隔壁的人很友好。
La gente que vive al lado es amable.
隣に住んでいる人たちは親切です。
옆집에 사는 사람들은 친절합니다.
The car parked outside is mine.
停在外面的车是我的。
El coche estacionado afuera es mío.
外に駐車している車は私のです。
밖에 주차된 차는 제 것입니다.
Anyone interested can sign up.
感兴趣的人都可以报名。
Cualquier persona interesada puede inscribirse.
興味のある方は登録できます。
관심 있는 분은 등록할 수 있습니다.
The money spent on advertising was wasted.
花在广告上的钱都浪费了。
El dinero gastado en publicidad fue desperdiciado.
広告に使ったお金は無駄になった。
광고에 쓴 돈은 낭비였습니다.
The man standing over there works here.
站在那边的那个人在这里工作。
El hombre que está parado allá trabaja aquí.
あそこに立っている男性はここで働いています。
저기 서 있는 남자는 여기서 일한다.
The letter written by him was long.
他写的那封信很长。
La carta escrita por él era larga.
彼が書いた手紙は長かったです。
그가 쓴 편지는 길었다.

✗ Incorrecto

The man standing works here. (can't reduce further)
The man standing works here.（不能再缩短）
The man standing works here.（no se puede reducir más）
The man standing works here.（これ以上短縮できない）
The man standing works here.（더 이상 축약 불가）
The letter written was long. (awkward positioning)
The letter written was long.（位置尴尬）
The letter written was long.（colocación poco natural）
The letter written was long.（配置が不自然）
The letter written was long.（배치가 부자연스러움）

Origen e historia

Participial phrases from relative clauses

Contexto cultural

Era: Modern

Generation: All ages

Social background: Universal

Más de este tema

Sentential Relative Clauses ★★★★☆ Relative clauses referring to entire sentences Nominal Relative Clauses ★★★★☆ Relative clauses that function as nouns Reduced Relatives (Present Participle) ★★★★☆ Shortening relative clauses with -ing Reduced Relatives (Past Participle) ★★★★☆ Shortening passive relative clauses Avoiding dangling participles ★★★★☆ Ensuring participle clauses have correct subjects whom in Formal Contexts ★★★☆☆ Correct use of whom in relative and interrogative clauses