bitter cold
Collocation
BritishAmericanAustralian
★★★★☆ Common
Neutral
Meaning: Extremely harsh, biting cold that is deeply unpleasant
严寒
frío glacial
厳しい寒さ
혹독한 추위
We say 'bitter cold' or 'bitterly cold' to describe extreme, penetrating cold. 'Bitter' adds emotional intensity — it suggests the cold is almost painful and hostile.
我们说'bitter cold'或'bitterly cold'来形容极端的、刺骨的寒冷。'bitter'增添了情感上的强烈感——暗示寒冷几乎是痛苦的、带有敌意的。
Decimos 'bitter cold' o 'bitterly cold' para describir un frío extremo y penetrante. 'Bitter' añade intensidad emocional — sugiere que el frío es casi doloroso y hostil.
「bitter cold」や「bitterly cold」は極端な、身を切るような寒さを表します。「bitter」は感情的な強さを加え、寒さがほとんど苦痛で、敵意があるように感じることを示します。
'bitter cold' 또는 'bitterly cold'는 극심하고 살을 에는 듯한 추위를 표현할 때 사용합니다. 'bitter'는 감정적 강도를 더해주며, 추위가 거의 고통스럽고 적대적이라는 느낌을 줍니다.
Examples
- The bitter cold made it impossible to stay outside for long. 严寒使人无法在外面待太久。El frío glacial hacía imposible quedarse fuera mucho tiempo.厳しい寒さのせいで長く外にいることができませんでした。혹독한 추위 때문에 오래 밖에 있을 수가 없었습니다.
- They struggled through the bitter cold to reach shelter. 他们在严寒中艰难前行寻找避难所。Lucharon contra el frío glacial para llegar a un refugio.彼らは厳しい寒さの中、避難所にたどり着こうと必死でした。그들은 혹독한 추위를 뚫고 간신히 대피소에 도착했습니다.
- It was bitter cold this morning — minus ten degrees. 今天早上极其寒冷——零下十度。Hacía un frío glacial esta mañana — diez grados bajo cero.今朝はひどく寒かった——マイナス10度でした。오늘 아침 혹독하게 추웠습니다 — 영하 10도였어요.
Pronunciation
Usage Guide
Context: weather, winter, news
Tone: dramatic
✓ Do Say
- It's bitter cold outside.外面寒冷刺骨。Hace un frío glacial fuera.外は厳しい寒さです。밖이 혹독하게 춥습니다.
- The bitter cold lasted for weeks.严寒持续了好几周。El frío glacial duró semanas.厳しい寒さが何週間も続きました。혹독한 추위가 몇 주간 계속되었습니다.
- The bitter cold is unbearable.刺骨的寒冷让人受不了。El frío intenso es insoportable.厳しい寒さに耐えられません。매서운 추위를 견딜 수가 없어요.
✗ Don't Say
- It's strong cold outside. (use 'bitter' not 'strong' for extreme cold)外面strong的寒冷。(极端的寒冷用'bitter'而不是'strong')Hace un frío strong fuera. (se usa 'bitter' y no 'strong' para el frío extremo)外はstrongな寒さです。(極端な寒さには'strong'ではなく'bitter'を使います)밖이 strong한 추위예요.(극심한 추위에는 'strong'이 아니라 'bitter'를 씁니다)
- The hard cold is unbearable. (use 'bitter' not 'hard' for the harshness of extreme cold)难以忍受的hard寒冷。(极端寒冷的严酷感用'bitter'而不是'hard')El frío hard es insoportable. (se usa 'bitter' y no 'hard' para la dureza del frío extremo)hardな寒さが耐えられません。(極端な寒さの厳しさには'hard'ではなく'bitter'を使います)hard한 추위가 견딜 수 없어요.(극심한 추위의 혹독함에는 'hard'가 아니라 'bitter'를 씁니다)
Origin & History
Natural English collocation — 'bitter' has described extreme cold since the 14th century, using the taste metaphor to convey harshness.
Cultural Context
Era: 14th century onwards
Generation: All ages
Social background: Universal
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